~ U.S. Military Cadets ~

Congress formally authorized the establishment, and funding of the first U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York on March 16, 1802. The Continental Army first occupied West Point on January 27, 1778, and became the country's oldest continuously operating Army-post in the United States. The students who attended are considered officers-in-training, and are referred to as, "Cadets" or collectively known as the, "United States Corps of Cadets". The thought process behind the establishment was to train US citizens in the various fields of military academics and practices. This would enable our country to protect our own self interests, and free our reliance on various foreign military disciplines and mercenary's during war time. The USMA bases a cadets leadership experience as a specialized development of three pillars of performance: Academics, Physical, and Military. All cadets are required to adhere to a Cadet Honor Code, which states that, "A cadet will not lie, cheat, steal, or tolerate those who do". Most graduates are commissioned as second lieutenants in the U.S. Army.

Robert's notes: In 1900, only 8% of all Americans aged 14-17 attended high school, and only 11% of those few students were expected to attend college. Most Military schools in the 19th Century had very low enrollments. Most admissions were under a 100 students, and under 50 for any particular year's class. It was thought to be a prestigious honor to be a student enrolled in any one of the country's military academies.

United States Military Academy at West Point, N.Y.
1840-1850's
 

If you were a Federal or Confederate Officer in the Civil War, and you graduated from West Point, most likely you would have worn this Coat button while a Cadet, and General Robert E. Lee was the Superintendent. Scovills and Robinson made most of these buttons in the 1840-50's. The button's pattern depicts a Spread-Eagle in the center, with a Federal Shield on it's chest. The Eagle has three Arrows in it's left talon, and a large laurel stem with nine petals in it's right talon. The word, "CADET" is written above in an arc, and the initials, "U.S.M.A." for United States Military Academy below. The high relief pattern is set on a convex lined field with a thin plain border and rope edge. All Specimens are Gilded Brass, 20.26mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 6
Tice's Number: MA 206-A.1

United States Military Academy at West Point, N.Y.
1840-1850's
 

If you were a Federal or Confederate Officer in the Civil War, and you graduated from West Point, most likely you would have worn this Cuff button while a Cadet, and General Robert E. Lee was the Superintendent. Scovills and Robinson made most of these buttons in the 1840-50's. The button's pattern depicts a Spread-Eagle in the center, with a Federal Shield on it's chest. The Eagle has three Arrows in it's left talon, and a small laurel stem with 6 petals in it's right talon. The word, "CADET" is written above in an arc, and the initials, "U.S.M.A." for United States Military Academy below. The high relief pattern is set on a convex lined filed with a thin plain border and a rope edge. All Specimens are Gilded Brass, 14mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 6
Tice's Number: MA 206-As.1

Alabama Corps of Cadets, Alabama
1850's-1861
 

Originally this was the University of Alabama, when the Civil War started it shifted it's academics and converted to a military form of governance. It's primary duty was to produce new officers for the Confederate Army. The University soon became the, "West Point" of the South. It ended up supplying the Confederate army with 7 Generals, 25 Colonels, 14 Lieutenant Colonels, 21 Majors, 125 Captains, 273 Staff and other commissioned officers, and 294 Privates. The high relief pattern depicts the old English initials, "ACC" in the center, with a wreath encircling. The high relief pattern is set on a low-convex lined field with a thin plain edge border. Gilt finish, 21mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 17
Tice's Number: ABS 282A.1

Mobile Alabama Cadet, Officers, Mobile Alabama
1845-1871
 

Originally the Cadets were organized in 1845 as a volunteer militia company, and then served in the 1st & 3rd Alabama Regiment during the Civil War. Records show Scovill made these wide rim buttons after the civil war. The buttons pattern depicts the Alabama Map in the center, with the city's name, "MOBILE" above, and "CADET" below. The high relief pattern is set on a convex lined filed with a plain edge border. Gilt finish, 24mm, 3-Piece Officer-Staff button.

Albert's Number: AB 6
Tice's Number: ABS 252-A.1

Arkansas Military Institute, Tulip Ridge, Arkansas
1850-1861
 

This military school was organized in 1850, and was part of the Arkansas military organization. When the Civil War started, the school was closed and the cadets formed Company I of the 3rd Arkansas Infantry. The provenance of this button is debated because none have been dug around the AMI campus. The button's pattern depicts

Albert's Number: SU 24
Tice's Number: AKS 280-A.1

Connecticut Collegiate & Commerce Institute, New Haven, Connecticut
1855-1860
 

Originally the school was established in 1836 for business and commerce. When the Civil War broke out, uniforms were issued with these buttons. The button's pattern depicts a small open book in the center with radiating rays. Surrounding is various symbols of industry and art. The high relief pattern is set on a plain almost flat field with a thing edge border. Gilt finish, 22mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 85
Tice's Number: CTS 278-A.3

Connecticut Rectory School, Centerville, Connecticut
1860's
 

Originally founded in 1843, the Rectory School was one of the first institutes in the Northeast to include a military drill in it's curriculum. Many specimens were found at Civil War sites and have been inaccurately identified as Confederate. The button's pattern depicts a school building in the center, with the initials, "R.S." above. There is a small Cross on top, and the Latin motto, "RESTINA LENTE" acred below. The high relief pattern is set on a plain convex field with no edge border. Gilt finish, 20mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 341
Tice's Number: CTS 284-A.2

Georgia's Franklin College, Athens, Georgia
1840's
 

Originally founded in 1801, and was named in honor of Benjamin Franklin. The Franklin College Cadets began drilling during the War of 1812. Later formed the, "College Volunteers" during the Seminole War / Texas War of Independence. This is one of the most rarest of all Antebellum southern military school buttons. The button's pattern depicts Georgia's Coat of Arms. the Temples columns are made to resemble goddesses. The college's name, "FRANKLIN COLLEGE" is written above in an arc. The high relief pattern is set on a convex lined field with a thin plain edge border. All examples are Silver Plated Copper. 23mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 114
Tice's Number: GAS 275-A.1

Georgia's Military Institute, Marietta, Georgia
1851-1864.
 

Established on July 1, 1851 with the enrollment of 7 students. By the end of the first year 28 students were in attendance. GMI operated regularly until the spring of 1864. The cadets were formed into two companies and deployed to West Point, Georgia as a result of the Civil War. During the Coarse of the war, the superintendent sent cadets to use as drill instructors for the CSA, and other cadets volunteered or were drafted. The empty campus was burned by Sherman's troops on November 15, 1864. After the Civil War GMI was not rebuilt. The button's pattern depicts the temple of Georgia's Coat of Arms. The initials, "GMI" is inscribed inside the top arch, and the word, "CADET" is written onto of the pillars. The year 1851 lies below. The high relief pattern is set on a convex lined filed with a plain edge border. Gilt Finish, 21mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 128
Tice's Number: GAS 287-B.2

Western Military Academy, Alton, Illinois
1888-1971
 

The Western Military Academy was established in 1879 by Edward Wyman. This was originally a private boarding school whose mission was to give a rounded education to young men. Upon Wyman's death in 1888, ownership transferred to Colonel Willis Brown. It was at this time the school changed it's name to Western Military Academy, and introduced military training. The school remained open until 1971. The button's pattern depicts the United States Military Coat of Arms, surrounded by the colleges name, "Western Military Academy" around the border. The high relief pattern is set on a plain flat field with no edge border. Gilt finish, 23mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 421
Tice's Number: Unlisted.

Kentucky Military Institute, Lexington, Kentucky
1850's-1860's
 

The Kentucky Military Institute was founded by Colonel Allen in 1845, and is the oldest military school in Kentucky. It also was the third military school organized in the United States after the United States Academy at West Point. All buttons were made prior to the Civil War. The button's pattern depicts two gentlemen shaking hands, with, "KMI" written across the center. The high relief pattern is set on a convex plain field with no edge border. Gilt Finish, 20mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 192
Tice's Number: KYS 275-A.10

Kentucky Military Institute, Lexington, Kentucky
1855-1865
 

This Kentucky Military Institute button is not listed in Tice's Kentucky section. But his back mark analysis does list this as a 1855 back mark. Further research indicates that Bazelon & McGuinn lists this company as operating from 1847 to 1865, and did not appear in any city directories after the Civil War. This would make this the oldest officer-staff K.M.I button. So there are specimens with pre-civil war back marks, they were produced by F.K. Hassam of Boston, (who operate from 1847-65) These are rare examples, but do exist. Bazelon & McGuinn would be the correct reference. Gilt Finish, 14mm, 2-Piece Officer-Staff button.

Albert's Number: SU 193
Tice's Number: KYS 280: Unlisted Back mark

Kentucky Military Institute, Lexington, Kentucky
1865-1877
 

The Kentucky Military Institute was founded by Colonel Allen in 1845, and is the oldest military school in Kentucky. It also was the third military school organized in the United States after the United States Academy at West Point. Research shows these officer-staff K.M.I buttons made by Horstmann are Post Civil War. The button's pattern depicts an Eagle facing right with down swept wings. The word, "CADET" is written above, and, "KMI" below. The high relief pattern is set on a high-convex lined field with a thin plain edge border. Gilt Finish, 23mm, 3-Piece Officer-Staff button.

Albert's Number: SU 193
Tice's Number: KYS 280

Kentucky Western Military Institute, Drennon Springs, Kentucky
1847-1855
 

The Kentucky Western Military Institute was formed in 1847, and then later in 1855, it combined the military portions of the college with the Nashville Military College of Tennessee, into just Nashville Military College. The button's pattern depicts Flags and Muskets in the center, with the initials, "WMI" surrounding. There is a Wreath surrounding the inside pattern. The high relief pattern is set on a low-convex lined field with no edge border. Gilt Finish 19mm, 2-Piece.

Albert's Number: SU 429
Tice's Number: KYS 290-A.3

Kentucky Western Military Institute, Drennon Springs, Kentucky
1847-1855
 

The Kentucky Western Military Institute was formed in 1847, and then later in 1855, it combined the military portions of the college with the Nashville Military College of Tennessee, into just Nashville Military College. The button's pattern depicts an eagle with upraised wings standing on a federal shield facing right. Flanking underneath the eagle is four draped flags and a cannon. The initials, "W.M.I. is arced in the bottom legend, and the word, "CADET" is arced in the legend above. The high relief pattern is set on a convex lined field with a thin plain edge border. Most examples found are in a Gilt Finish. 20mm, 2-Piece.

Albert's Number: SU 429
Tice's Number: KYS 295-A.1

Jesuit School, New Orleans, Louisiana
1849-Present
 

The school was founded in 1847, but did not open until 1849; it was both a secondary school and a college. In 1911, the high school and college divisions were split. In 1967, Jesuit became the first high school in the country to have a Marine Corps Junior ROTC program. For several years this program was mandatory for all students. The college went on to eventually becoming Loyola University in New Orleans. The button's pattern depicts a spread-wing eagle facing right while standing on a terrestrial globe. There is a large slanted Navy anchor behind the globe; with only the stock, fluke and crown showing. There is a large initial, "J" on top of the globe and over the eagle's left wing. The high relief pattern is set on a convex lined field with a thin edge border. Gilt finish, 23mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 180
Tice's Number: Unlisted.

Maryland Military Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
1855-1860
 

This was a very small cadet school located in Baltimore Maryland. Many of it's student came south of the Mason-Dixon line, so it was considered a southern school. The button's pattern depicts a large Bible in the center, with a Cross quill Pen and a Sword on top. The high relief pattern is set on a high-convex lined field with a plain edge border. 22mm, Gilt finish, 3-Piece. Staff button.

Albert's Number: SU 217
Tice's Number: MDS 270-A.1

Massachusetts Highland Cadets, Worchester, Massachusetts
1855-1860
 

This military school was founded in 1855, and opened in 1856. Boys who enrolled in this school received strict military training. At sunset every night a gun was fired as the American Flag was hauled down. The button's pattern depicts the Moline initials, "HC" with serifs. There is a cross on a round dome with radiating lines above, and a knight's helmet and two crossed flags. One is an American Flag, the other is presumably the state or school flag. The high relief pattern is set on a high convex lined field with a plain edge border. Gilt finish, 22mm, 3-Piece Officer-Staff button. / Gilt finish, 14.9mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 157
Tice's Number: MSS 390-A.1

Albert's Number: SU 157
Tice's Number: MSS 390-As

Boston School, Boston, Massachusetts
1880-90's
 

A small military school in Boston Massachusetts. This is the Cadet Button to their uniforms. The button's pattern depicts the school's initials, "BS" in the center with a large "C" for cadet intertwining. The high relief pattern is set on a high convex lined field with a thin flat edge border. Gilt finish, 23mm, 3-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 43-A Cadet Staff
Tice's Number: Unlisted.

Boston School, Boston, Massachusetts
1880-90's
 

A small military school in Boston Massachusetts. This is the Cadet Button to their uniforms. The button's pattern depicts the school's initials, "BS" in the center with a large "R" for Regiment intertwining. The high relief pattern is set on a high convex lined field with a thin flat edge border. Gilt finish, 23mm, 3-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 43-B Regiment, Staff
Tice's Number: Unlisted.

Chauncey Hall School, Boston, Massachusetts
1828-1907
 

Chauncey Hall School was originally established in 1828 by Gideon F. Thayer, and was located on Chauncey place in Downtown Boston. The school originally trained the children of wealthy Bostonians for a careers in business, and prepared students to attend Harvard, MIT, and other prestigious colleges. Unfortunately the school burned down in May of 1873, but was later re-built in a different location, and incorporated two other schools to make a wider range of study. At one point in the 19th century, it had a strong cadet program. There are several manufacturers for this button that date around the late 19th century. The button's pattern depicts the school's initials "CHS" in large intertwining letters. The high relief pattern is set on a high-convex lined field with a plain flat edge border.



Albert's Number: SU 75
Tice's Number: Unlisted.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
1865
 

MIT's founding charter was in 1861, but admitted it's first student four years later in 1865. The school originally had a cadet program included most likely because of the states participation in the Civil War. Waterbury button company may have produced these before the school opened in 1865. The button's pattern depicts the school's initials, "MIT" in intertwined capital letters. The high relief pattern is set on a high convex lined field with a plain edge border. Gilt finish, 22mm, 3-Piece, Officer-Staff button.

Albert's Number: SU 244
Tice's Number: MSS 395-A.1

Massachusetts Military School Button
1860-Post
 

This button has been mis-identified as Vermont's Norwich University button from 1880-84. The thinking is that Colonel Charles Lewis (class of 1855), offered financial aid to the school; and in recognition for his help, the college was briefly renamed, "The Lewis College" from 1880-84. D. Evans did produce buttons during this time with the initials, L.C. below the eagle, but there are no records for 3-piece officer-staff buttons produced by Waterbury Button Co. Unfortunately, Tice does not have a listing for this variant, but it is similar to other cadet buttons from the state of Massachusetts. Plus one of the draped flags has the Mass. motif. It is my belief that this was a small military school at one point in the mid 19th century. The button's pattern depicts an open bible on the top with radiating lines. Below in the center is the Moline initials, "LC" with serifs. Below is the knights helmet with two draped flags. One is an American Flag, the other is a Massachusetts flag with the bent arm and saber. The high relief pattern is set on a convex lined field with a flat plain border. Gilt finish, 22mm, 3-Piece Officer-Staff button.

Albert's Number: SU 208
Tice's Number: Unlisted.

University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
1837
 

The University was originally founded in Detroit as the, "Catholepistemaid" or "University of Mighigania" about 20 years before Michigan Territory became a state! What we know of the university moved to Ann Arbor in 1837. It is one of the original eight Public Ivy Universities, and has been ranked among one of the top five research universities in the US, and among the top 20 in the world. Around the Civil War period, it was prudent that officials thought it prudent to have a military Cadet program. This button was either made for a staff members who had military training or cadet program that was contemplated. The button's pattern depicts the state

Albert's Number: SU 227
Tice's Number: Not Listed.

Michigan Military Academy
1877
 

The Michigan Military Academy was an all boys military prep school in Orchard Lake Village, Michigan. It was founded in 1877 by Captain J. Sumner Rodgers. His strict military protocol had given it a nickname among journalists as the second West Point. Unfortunately the school closed in 1908 due to bankruptcy. The button's pattern depicts three muskets standing in a tripod on stocks. The initials, "MMA" is centered in raised capital letters. the word, "CADET" is written below, and the schools motto is written in an arc above. The high relief pattern is set on a convex lined filed with no edge border. Gilt finish, 21mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 247
Tice's Number: Not Listed.

Kemper Military School, Boonville, Missouri
1899
 

The Kemper school originally opened on June 4, 1844 as an all boys school. It wasn't until almost 30 years later after the death of Kemper, that a former student Colonel Thomas Johnston made great strides and turned it into a military school. As early as the 1870's, all Kemper students were required to West Point Style Gray uniforms, possibly a bit earlier. The school even used a Drill Master to oversee the military side of operations as early as 1873. Johnston became carried away with the idea of hard military training for young men, and adopted a full military training and structure in 1885. He even hired graduates from VMI for military instructors and from that day on, the military feature became a prominent way of Kemper live. The school officially changed it's name in 1899, and advertised it's name as the West Point of the West. The button's pattern depicts the school's crest of a saber crossed with a baton. There is a lamp above a wreath encompassing the motif. There is a raised ring and the schools name, "KEMPER MILITARY SCHOOL" above, and the schools location, "Boonville, MO. below. The high relief pattern is set on a low-convex field with a thing raised edge border. Gilt finish, 21mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 188
Tice's Number: Not Listed.

Newark Academy Cadet, Newark, New Jersey
1865
 

Newark Academy was founded in 1774, by the cleric Alexander MacWhartor, a friend and advisor to George Washington. In 1780, the Academy's sympathies to our fledging nation brought the wrath of the British who marched across the frozen Hudson River to burn the original school building to the ground. The school was rebuilt and continues to emphasize its motto, "Ad Lumen" which means toward enlightenment. The school was a unique preparatory school in that it opened it's doors to students of every conceivable background. They offered courses in trade, business skills, and taught military science throughout the civil war. The sole button used by the school was made around 1865. This button is extremely similar to the New Jersey Rifle Corps button of 1863-69. The button's pattern depicts a Ribbon with the school's initials, "N.A.C" within. Above the ribbon is a horses head, and below is a plow. The high relief pattern is set on a high-convex lined field with a wide flat rim. Gilt finish, 14mm, 3-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 271
Tice's Number: NJS 271-As.1

Bordentown Military Institute, Bordentown, New Jersey
1881-1973
 

The Bordentown Military Institute operated as an independent military school in Bordentown, NJ for 91 years. In 1972, it merged with the Lenox School for one year, and then closed down in 1973 because the Vietnam War reduced the popularity of a military education. This button dates from the late 1880-90's. There are two known patterns one with taller cuts within the letters, with a slightly different pattern rifle. The button's pattern depicts a set of cross rifles, with the schools initials, "B.M.I." above and the states initials, "N.J" below. The high relief pattern is set on a convex field with a thin plain edge border. Gilt finish, 20mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 40
Tice's Number: Not Listed.

Hudson River Institute, Claverack, New York
1854- to Post Civil War
 

The Hudson River Institute opened in 1854, and had programs in classical and foreign studies; part of the required curriculum was that every student take military instruction. The campus had an armory and a drill house. The button's pattern depicts a small grouping of arms: an cannon, musket, saber, and draped American flag. The initials, "H.R.I" is arced above. The high relief pattern is set on a convex field with a plain edge border. Gilt finish, 23mm, 3-Piece Officer-Staff button.

Albert's Number: SU 166
Tice's Number: NYS 282-A.1

Churchill's Military School, Ossining, New York
1840's
 

Marlborough Churchill founded the institution as an all boys school in 1842. Since it was located near West Point on the bluff's of the Hudson River, it assumed the nick name, "Mountain House". After a time the name changed to, "St. John's Military School". Average enrollment was about 90 students a year. Many of the Union's officers such as General Alexander Webb graduated from this institution. Even President Teddy Roosevelt graduated from here. Scovills produced these buttons around the 1840's. The button's pattern depicts a scenic view of the Hudson River and it's surrounding Mountains. The school building is depicted on a plateau, with a steam boat and sail boat passing down the river. The area's location, "West Point" is inscribed above, and the schools initials, "C.M.S" lies below. The high relief pattern is set on a low-convex field with a raised angled plain edge border. Gilt finish, 20mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 83
Tice's Number: NYS 280-A.1

Poughkeepsie Military Institute, Poughkeepsie, New York
1857-
 

In 1857, Dr. Charles B. Warring and Mr. Bisbee were running the old College Hill School, or Poughkeepsie Collegiate School. When the Civil War broke out, SR. Warring thought it prudent to open a small military school downtown known as, "The Poughkeepsie Military Institute". At the time, locals just called it, "Dr. Warring's Military Institute". The button's pattern depicts three stated Muskets on and around an open book. The inside motif is partially surrounded by 13 five pointed stars. The school initials, "P.M.I" is written below in a banner ribbon. The high relief pattern is set on a high-convex lined field with a thin plain edge border. Gilt Brass, 22mm, 3-Piece Officer-Staff button.

Albert's Number: SU 322
Tice's Number: NYS 288-A.1

Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
1868
 

Conception started in 1865, but the university's inauguration day officially took place October 7, 1868 with 418 applicants who were given an application examination the previous day. The university was founded as both a private, and a land-grant institution. Early on, there was a military program introduced for a more comprehensive education. The button's pattern depicts USMA motif of a spread eagle with a federal shield on it's chest. In the eagle's left talon is four arrows instead of three, and in the eagle's right talon is a short laurel stem. The university's name, "CORNELL" is above, and, "UNIVERSITY" below. The high relief pattern is set on a lined convex field with a thing plain border and outer rope edge. Gilt finish, 21mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 68
Tice's Number: Unlisted.

Charlotte Military Institute, North Carolina
Non-Issue
 

The button is attributed to Charlotte Military Institute, but Tice notes that it is possible that Scovill made these buttons for N.C.M.I to replace the Sun Burst buttons used by Henderson's Male Academy. Most collectors believe that this pattern was never issued, since no specimens were ever found. The button's pattern depicts a large Saber and Quill pen crossed in the center, with the initials, "MI" on the side cross hatch. The city's name, Charlotte" is written above, and the state initials, "N.C." below. the high relief pattern is set on a convex plain field with no edge border. Gilt finish, 20mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 55
Tice's Number: NCS 280-A.1

Hillsborough Military Academy, Hillsborough, North Carolina
1859-1860
 

The Hillsborough Military Academy opened in 1859, and modeled their program after the U.S. Military Academy. Most of the faculty and cadets joined the Confederate Army at the outbreak of the Civil War. Just before the fall of Charleston, many of the remaining cadets left to join General Beauregard; but to the cadet's dismay, many of the recruiters would not enlist them due to their impetuous breech of cadet discipline. The remainder of the Cadet Corps was disbanded shortly before General Johnston's Army capitulated in 1865. The button's pattern depicts a large five pointed star in the center with the prime point oriented downward. The states initials, "NC" are on each side. There is a raised ring which encompasses the inside pattern. The academy's name "HILLSBOROUGH MILITARY ACADEMY" encircles the outside legend with a five pointed star at the bottom. The high relief pattern is set on a convex lined field with a thin plain edge border. Gilt finish, 19mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 150
Tice's Number: NCS 270-Am.1

Hillsborough Military Academy, Hillsborough, North Carolina
1859-1860
 

The Hillsborough Military Academy opened in 1859, and modeled their program after the U.S. Military Academy. Most of the faculty and cadets joined the Confederate Army at the outbreak of the Civil War. Just before the fall of Charleston, many of the remaining cadets left to join General Beauregard; but to the cadet's dismay, many of the recruiters would not enlist them due to their impetuous breech of cadet discipline. The remainder of the Cadet Corps was disbanded shortly before General Johnston's Army capitulated in 1865. The button's pattern depicts a large five pointed star in the center with the prime point oriented downward, with the initials, "NC" on each side. There is a raised ring which encircles the inside pattern. The academy's initials, "H.M.A" is arced in the top legend, and there are 9 five pointed stars arced in the lower legend. The high relief pattern is set on a convex lined field with a plain edge border. Gilt finish, 15mm, 2-Piece Cuff button.

Albert's Number: SU 150-Bv
Tice's Number: NCS 270-As.1

 Hillsborough Military Academy, Hillsborough, North Carolina
1859-1860
 

This is an ultra rare Hillsborough Military Academy button. Originally this button was credited to Henderson's Male Academy, but research shows me this is Hillsboro. This academy opened in 1859, and modeled their program after the U.S. Military Academy. Most of the faculty and cadets joined the Confederate Army at the outbreak of the Civil War. Just before the fall of Charleston, many of the remaining cadets left to join General Beauregard; but to the cadet's dismay, many of the recruiters would not enlist them due to their impetuous breech of cadet discipline. The remainder of the Cadet Corps was disbanded shortly before General Johnston's Army capitulated in 1865. The button's pattern depicts a medium size five point star in the center of a depressed well on a lined field. The star's prime point is oriented upward. There is a raised ring with a seven ray sun burst pattern that almost reached the buttons edge border. The academy's initials, "* H M A * N C" is in capital letters between the sunburst points. The high relief pattern is set on a convex pebbled field with a slightly raised edge border. Gilt finish, Brass 21mm.

Albert's Number: Unlisted
Tice's Number: NCS

North Carolina Military Institute, Charlotte, North Carolina
1859-61
 

The school was established in 1859 due to the efforts of Daniel H. Hill, who was later a Confederate General in the Civil War. The school received a charter from the state legislature, and attracted future Confederate Generals James Lance, and Charles C. Lee as instructors. Unfortunately, the coming of the Civil War forced the doors to close in 1861. The Governor ordered the entire Corps of Cadets to duty as Drillmasters in Raleigh, and many served under Hill in the 1st North Carolina. Some of the cadets from the school manned an artillery piece in the Civil War's first land battle at Big Bethel, Virginia in 1861. Scovill made these buttons during the 1850's. The button's pattern depicts a large Hornet's Nest in the center, with the initials, "NS" on each side. There is one Hornet on the nest, and two hornets underneath. The words, "MILITARY INSTITUTE" is written below. The high relief pattern is set on a convex lined field with a plain edge border. Gilt finish, 19mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 272
Tice's Number: NCS 277Am.1

Western Military Institute, Ohio
1850's
 

This was a small military school that operated in the 1850's. The button's pattern depicts the Old English initials, "WMI" in the center, with a federal shield above with 13 five pointed stars. The high relief pattern is set on a slightly convex lined filed with a thin edge border. Gilt finish, 20mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 430
Tice's Number: OHS 210-Am.1

Brooks Military Academy, Cleveland, Ohio
 

The Brooks Military Academy was a boys college preparatory school located in Cleveland, Ohio. The school was relatively short lived and only operated from 1874 to 1891. The school was founded by wealthy Clevelanders in honor of Frederick Brooks, a respected rector of St. Paul's Episcopal Church. The school accepted boys from 7 to 20 years of age. This was the cadet button, there is an officer-staff 3-Piece button known.

Albert's Number: SU 38
Tice's Number: Unlisted.

Valley Forge Military Academy, Wayne, Pennsylvania
1930-40's
 

Valley Forge Military Academy was founded by Lieutenant General Milton Baker in 1928. Originally General Baker wanted an American Revolutionary War Motif for the school. Originally the school's colors were same as the Continental Army uniform colors: buff and blue. The cadet rank structure, uniforms, and company types were molded after those used at the United States Military Academy. They had a few infantry companies, a cavalry troop, and even wore the same West Point full dress grays on parade days. The buildings in the new Wayne Campus were named after all Revolutionary War leaders. Valley Forge is an all male preparatory boarding school grades 7-12; and a coeducational junior college, which is in strict military tradition. Valley Forge College is the only private military junior college in the United States that's entire student body is formed from US or international military cadets. By the 1940-50's, General Baker modeled many of the school's drills, customs, and ceremonies after a British motif. Valley Forge Corps of Cadets became the only American military organization to maintain proper British drill and ceremonies. VFMA currently has a special relationship, and has become sister institutions with the United Kingdom's Duke of York's Royal Military School. The button's pattern depicts a federal shield in the center with two crossed sabers and a picture of a revolutionary soldier in the center circle. Standing on top of the shield is a spread eagle facing right. There are two arrows in it's left talon, and a laurel stem in it's right. The school's name, "Valley Forge Military Academy" circles around the outside edge. The high relief pattern is set on a slightly convex lined field with a plain border edge.

Albert's Number: SU 402-B (Lined Field).
Tice's Number: Unlisted.

King's Mountain Military Academy, Yorkville, South Carolina
1855
 

In 1855 two Citadel graduates, Micah Jenkins and Asbury Coward established the Kings Mountain Military Academy. It was recognized as a leading preparatory school throughout the southeast. When the Civil War broke out, both men were commissioned as officers into the Confederate Army. Micah rose in ranks to a Brigadier General through his gallant actions. Unfortunately, he was killed later by his own troops (friendly fire) during the Battle of the Wilderness in Virginia 1864. Colonel Coward returned to re-open the school, but was only able to operate it for a few years. Later he went on to become the President of the Citadel, which was Charleston's Military School. Kings Mountain opened in 1855, closed during the Civil War, re-opened in 1866, and closed for good in 1908. The button's pattern depicts a study globe in the center, with a sword and quill crossed underneath. The initials, "SO CA" is within the cross hatch. There is an inscription around the legend, "KINGS MOUNTAIN MILITARY SCHOOL 1855". The high relief pattern is set on a convex lined field with a thin plain edge border. Gilt finish, 20.2mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 189
Tice's Number: SCS 294-A.1

Nashville Military College, Nashville, Tennessee
1855
 

Kentucky's Western Military Institute integrated with the military portion of Tennessee school to form Nashville Military College in 1855. The button's pattern depicts an eagle with upraised wings standing on a federal shield facing right. Flanking underneath the eagle is four draped flags and a cannon. The initials, "N.M.C." is arced in the bottom legend, and the word, "CADET" is arced in the legend above. The high relief pattern is set on a convex lined field with a thin plain edge border. Scovill made all these buttons during the late 1850's, and all specimens were produced with excellent quality, and heavy Gilt finishes. 22.7mm, 2-Piece.

Albert's Number: SU 279
Tice's Number: TNS 250-A.1

Norwich University or Vermont Military School, Northfield, Vermont
1835
 

Norwich University was founded in 1820 by Captain Alden Partridge, and was the first Northern school after the US Military Academy to offer a military curriculum. R & W Robinson made one piece buttons for the school around 1835. Around 1880, Colonel Charles Lewis (class of 1855), offered financial aid to the school; and in recognition for his help, the college was renamed the school the, "Lewis College" between 1880-84. After a few years it re-took it's original name. While temporarily named, "Lewis College", buttons were also produced by D. Evans with the initials, L.C. below the eagle. The button's pattern depicts a standing eagle with raised wings facing right. Under the eagle's left wing is a federal shield. The word, "CADET" is arced above, and the university's initials, "N.U" is below. The high relief pattern is set on a plain flat field with no edge border. Gilt finish, 18mm, 1-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 287
Tice's Number: VT 250 A.1

Virginia Military Institute in Lexington, Virginia
1840-1864
 

Virginia Military Institute was established on November 11, 1839, on the site of the Lexington state arsenal. The first cadets actually relieved the personnel on duty. The first graduating class in 1842 actually had 16 cadets. The cadet's living conditions were known to be poor up until 1850, when the cornerstone of the new barracks was laid. In 1851, Major Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson became a member of the faculty, and a professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy. Cadets were known to fear Jackson due to his stern views on discipline, and religion. Soon people were comparing it to, and called it the West Point of the south. When the Civil War erupted, the authorities limited the cadets service to just drilling troops in Richmond, VA. They feared loosing future generations of qualified officers, and thought this would be the best place for cadets to serve. After awhile, military leaders were forced into calling cadets into active military service 14 times under the leadership of Stonewall Jackson. By wars end, V.M.I had turned out 1,780 Confederate Officers for the Civil War. This was more then any other Military Institution. The button's pattern depicts the Virginia Coat of Arms in the center, with the inscription, "Cadet" above and the school's initials, V.M.I below. The high relief pattern is set on a plain convex field with a thin raised edge border. R & W Robinson made these buttons in the 1840's. Gilt finish, 22.2mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 407
Tice's Number: VAS 291-A.1

Virginia Military Institute in Lexington, Virginia
1840's-1850's
 

If you were a V.M.I Cadet, you were most likely a Confederate Officer in the Civil War, you would have worn one of these two buttons, or a very similar variation. The famed Confederate General, "Stonewall Jackson" very well could have been your instructor. In 1864, Union General Hunter burned the institution to the ground. It was re-built and re-opened after the Civil War, and continued it's highly respected traditions and academics. The button's pattern depicts the Virginia Coat of Arms in the center, with the Latin inscription, "Sic Semper Tyrannis" arced around the coat of arms in the center. The word, "Cadet" above and the school's initials, "V.M.I" below. The high relief pattern is set on a convex lined field with a plain border and rope edge. R & W Robinson made these buttons in the 1840-50's. Gilt finish, 21.21mm, 2-Piece coat button. / Gilt finish, 13.7mm, 2-Piece cuff button.

Albert's Number: SU 408
Tice's Number: VAS 294-A.1

Cuff Button
Albert's Number: SU 408
Tice's Number: VAS 294-As.1

Norfolk Military Academy in Norfolk, Virginia
1840's-1850's
 

Originally this school was known as Norfolk Academy, and was one of the finest preparatory schools in Virginia. In the early 1840's, this impressive building was constructed under the direction of Thomas Walter who designed the Capital's Dome. Many Norfolk graduates served in the Confederate Navy. General Lee's trusted Adjutant, Walter Taylor attended this school. The button's pattern depicts a large school building that was modeled after a Greek Temple in the center. The high relief pattern is set on a low-convex lined filed with a plain edge border. Gilt finish, 18mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 390
Tice's Number: VAS 285-A.1

Norfolk Male Institute in Norfolk, Virginia
1859
 

This school was located downtown in Norfolk, and was probably established a few years before, but we know it introduced a military program in 1859, and issued Cadet uniforms. The button's pattern depicts the Virginia Coat of Arms in the center, the schools initials, "NMI" above and the states motto below. Gilt finish, 18.8mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 280
Tice's Number: VAS 282-A.1

Hampton Military Academy in Hampton, Virginia
1852-1861

Originally this was a very small school for cadets, that operated in one building before the Civil War. Research indicates the school only operated for ten years before closing it's doors. Story goes, there was a Federal strong hold, Fort Monroe just a mile away. and school authorities thought it prudent to close. Confederate soldiers came in and burned the building down in 1861 to prevent Federals from quartering troops or run away slaves. The button's pattern depicts a large school building in the center, with the initials, "H.M.A" above and a grassy field below. The high relief pattern is set on a plain convex field with no edge border. Gilt finish, 17.2mm 2-Piece button. Despite the Paris back mark, research indicates Scovill or Thomas Dale, New York could have produced these.

Albert's Number: SU 163
Tice's Number: VAS 273-Am.1

Episcopal High School, Alexandrea, Virginia
1839
 

Episcopal High School was founded on an 80 acre tract of land just west of the colonial port of Alexandrea in 1839. It was the first high school in Virginia, and was also known as the, "Howard School" because the location was a site of an earlier period school. Martha Washington's eldest granddaughter, "Elizabeth Park Curtis Law" built a structure around 1805 that serves as the schools central administration building; called, The Hoxton House". With the Federal occupation of Alexandria in 1861, the school was closed, and some 500 students went to serve in the war. For the next 5 years, the EHS buildings were used by the union army as a hospital. The poet Walt Whitman served as a nurse in this hospital. The school re-opened in 1866, and initiated a more modern curriculum, and pioneered interscholastic team sports. EHS enrolled its first female students in 1991, and the first girls graduated in 1993. The button's pattern depicts a cross in the center with the schools initials, "EHS" above, and the state initial, "V a" at the bottom. Each side of the cross has a laurel stem around the inside perimeter. The high relief pattern is set on a convex lined field with a plain border and rope edge. Silver Plated, 17.3mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 105
Tice's Number: VAS 270-B.1

Bethel Military Academy, Warrenton, Virginia
1865
 

This was a small military academy founded after the Civil War. The button's pattern depicts the Virginia Coat of Arms with the motto in a banner ribbon underneath. Around the edge's periphery is the school's name," Bethel Military Academy". The big relief pattern is set on a high-convex lined field with plain flat edge border. Gilt finish, 22.7mm, 3-Piece Officer-Staff button.

Albert's Number: SU 32
Tice's Number: Unlisted.

Virginia Poly Technic Institute, Blacksburg, Virginia
1900-20
 

This Virginia Polytechnic Institute is a public land grant university that was founded as an agricultural, and mechanical college. VT has the largest full-time student population in Virginia, and one of a few universities in the United States that maintains a Corps of Cadets. The school is primarily devoted to the instruction of technical arts, and applied sciences, but has a strong military program. The button's pattern depicts several mechanical instruments and items. The school's initials, V.P.I is above. the high relief pattern is set on a low convex lined field with a plain border and rope edge. Gilt finish, 21mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 411
Tice's Number: Unlisted.

Fishburne Military School, Waynesboro, Virginia
1900-25
 

James A. Fishburne was a student a protégé of Robert E. Lee. He originally opened the Waynesboro High School in 1879. The school went through several name changes, and by 1886, it was known formally as the Fishburne Military school. The school is listed no the Junior Reserve Officers Training Corps charter, and has been continuously rated an Army JROTC Honor Unit since 1924. The JROTC staff supports military skills other then close order drill. It has a rifle exhibition drill team, a Marksmanship team. They take annual trips to VMI, Fort Pickett, and Fort A.P. Hill to utilize their obstacle courses and other training facilities. The button's pattern depicts a large shield with a warrior holding a short sword and spear. The school's name, "Fishburne" is located within the top half of the shield. There is a federal spread-wing eagle standing on top of the shield facing left. There is also a banner ribbon with the Latin inscription, "SCIENTIA EST PGYESTAS" within. The high relief pattern is set on a flat lined field with a thin raised rope edge border. Gilt finish, 23mm, 2-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 111
Tice's Number: Unlisted.

St. John's Military Academy, Delafield, Wisconsin
1884
 

St John's Military Academy was founded by Rev. Sidney T. Smythe as a private all male college preparatory and leadership development school. The school offered a military style environment that allowed each student to achieve his full potential. In 1995, St Johns merged with Northwestern Military and Naval Academy in Lake Geneva, Wisconsin. The button's pattern depicts a spread-wing eagle facing right while standing on top of a large shield with the school's crest within. There are two swords on each side with a banner scrolling around with the school's motto within. There are 8 five pointed stars circling halfway around the bottom periphery. The high relief pattern is set on a flat lined field with a plain edge border. Gilt finish, 26mm, 1-Piece button.

Albert's Number: SU 377
Tice's Number: Unlisted.