~ Long Live The King, George III ~
~ Long Live The King 1789 Buttons ~
God Save The King ~ God Protect The King ~ God Give Good Health To The King
These large Long Live The King buttons were made in 1789, as a propaganda piece to create positive sentiment for King George III. The buttons were originally struck in Birmingham, England after King George III miraculously recovered from his bout with an illness called, “Porphyria.” On April 23, 1789, a day of “General Thanksgivings” was officially proclaimed throughout England. Celebrations were wide spread throughout the British Empire and the slogan, “Long Live The King” with the Royal Coat of Arms were emblazoned on all sorts of memorabilia including buttons. The Catchphrase itself could have easily come from an earlier era.
1789 LONG LIVE THE KING WITH ROSE AND THISTLE
Colour: Gilt With Copper Colour Under-Toning.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Impressed Design with Raised Lettering, Gilt Brass.
Size: 35 mm.
Rarity: R-7?
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Planchet Condition is Exceptional, A Strong Impression Remains.
Robert’s Notes: As of date, this gilt specimen is the only one known in the collector’s market place. The button’s pattern depicts the British King’s Crown engraved in the top field of the button. Within the Crown is 2 sets of a Three Diamond Pattern. This usually signifies the King as the ruler of Scotland, Ireland, and England. Directly below the crown is a fancy Banner Ribbon with decorative flair ends. Within the banner ribbon is the popular slogan, “Long Live The King” in raised Roman font capital letters. Stamped in the lower portion of the button is the crossed Rose and Thistle which represents England and Scotland united. The pattern is encompassed by a Stippled Ring that circles around the outside edge. This button was believed to have been struck after George III’s bout with an illness called, porphyria. The Catchphrase itself could have easily come from an earlier era.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a soldered on loop shank. The shank is straight, original, and intact?
Library Records Has Limited Information on LLTK-1-A:
History: No Recorded Sales Price: Nope
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ ? ~
The Dale Hawley Collection.~
1789 LONG LIVE THE KING WITH ROSE AND THISTLE
Colour: A Silver Patina With Gilt Highlights.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Impressed Design with Raised Lettering, Silver Wash or Tinned Copper W/Gilt Highlights.
Size: 36.27 mm. 1637 Grains.
Rarity: R-5
Present Condition: A Non Excavated Specimen, Exceptional Planchet Condition, An Exceptional Impression Remains.
Robert’s Notes: This is the most popular Long Live The King button design among collectors. Un-dug Specimens are the rarity. Dug ones out of Canada have been throughout the American Market. This button’s slogan is said to have given the roots for the GWI button’s slogan, “Long Live The President.” The button’s pattern depicts the English King’s Crown on the top portion of the button. Within the Crown is 2 sets of a Three Diamond Pattern. This usually signifies the King as the ruler of Scotland, Ireland, and England. Directly below the crown is a fancy Banner Ribbon with decorative flair ends. Within the banner ribbon is the popular Catchphrase, “Long Live The King” in raised Roman font capital letters. Stamped in the lower portion of the button is the crossed Rose and Thistle which represents England and Scotland united. The pattern is encompassed by a Stippled Ring that circles around the outside edge. This button was believed to have been struck after George III’s bout with an illness called, porphyria. The Catchphrase itself could have easily come from an earlier era.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is straight, original, and intact.
Library Records Has Limited Information on LLTK-1:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ New York ~
The RJ Silverstein Collection.~
1789 LONG LIVE THE KING WITH ROSE AND THISTLE
Color: A Silver Patina With Green Encrustations.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Impressed Design with Raised Lettering, Silver Wash or Tinned Copper W/Gilt Highlights.
Size: 36.10 mm. 162.8 Grains.
Rarity: R-5
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Good Planchet Condition, A Strong Impression Remains.
Robert’s Notes: This is the most commonly found Long Live The King button design found in the collector’s market place. This is noted by some GW collectors as the predecessor for the GWI buttons that use the catchphrase, “Long Live The President.” The button’s pattern depicts the English King’s Crown on the top portion of the button. Within the Crown is 2 sets of a Three Diamond Pattern. This usually signifies the King as the ruler of Scotland, Ireland, and England. Directly below the crown is a fancy Banner Ribbon with decorative flair ends. Within the banner ribbon is the popular slogan, “Long Live The King” in raised Roman font capital letters. Stamped in the lower portion of the button is the crossed Rose and Thistle which represents England and Scotland united. The pattern is encompassed by a Stippled Ring that circles around the outside edge. This button was believed to have been struck after George III’s bout with an illness called, porphyria. The Catchphrase itself could have easily come from an earlier era.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is straight, original, and intact.
Library Records Has Limited Information on LLTK-1-B:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ New York ~
Dug Around New York / Canadian Border.
The RJ Silverstein Collection.~
1789 LONG LIVE THE KING BUTTON WITH A PLAIN FIELD
Color: An Olive Green.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Raised Design, Gilt Brass.
Size: 34mm.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Strong Planchet Condition, A Strong High Relief Pattern Remains.
Rarity: R-6
Variation: Two Raised Stipple Ring Channel, Plain Field.
Robert’s Notes: This is another popular pattern for the Long Live The King button series that was made in 1789 for King George III. There appears to be four die variants known that have the same circling slogan pattern. There may be more, but not known to me at this time. In this first die variant, the pattern depicts a Plain Round Center Field that is encircled by an incuse channel. There are Two Raised Stipple Rings with a slogan in-between. Circling within the channel’s stippled well is the popular slogan for the English Monarchy, “Long Live The King“. The slogan’s letters are in raised Roman font capital letters. This particular die variant has a Plain Field that extends out to the edge from the incuse channel. As with the other die variants, the button was believed to have been struck after King George III’s bout with an illness called, porphyria.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is straight, original, and intact.
Library Records Has Limited Information on LLTK-2:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ England ~
1789 LONG LIVE THE KING BUTTON WITH A SUNBURST FIELD
Color: An Orge of Pink, Gold, & Browns.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Raised Design, Gilt Brass.
Size: 33.26mm.
Rarity: R-6
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Poor Planchet Condition, A Fair Pattern Remains.
Variation: Two Raised Stipple Rings, Starburst Field.
Robert’s Notes: This is the second die variant known for the Long Live The King circling slogan pattern. There appears to be four die variants known using this specific pattern. In this die variant, the pattern depicts the same Plain Round Center Field that is surrounded by a circling incuse channel with Two Raised Stipple Rings with a slogan in-between. Circling within the channel’s stippled well is the popular slogan, “Long Live The King“. The slogan’s letters are all in raised Roman font capital letters. In this second die variant, it depicts a Sunburst Shooting Across the Field that reaches to the outside edge of the button.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is straight, original, and intact.
Library Records Has Limited Information on LLTK-3:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ Canada ~
1789 LONG LIVE THE KING BUTTON WITH A ROSE PATTERN SUNBURST
Color: An Orge of Pink, Gold, & Browns.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Raised Design, Sheffield Silver Plate.
Size: 34.1mm.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Excellent Planchet Condition, An Exceptional Pattern Remains.
Rarity: R-7
Variation: Two Raised Stipple Rings, Lined Sunburst Center, Rose Pattern Starburst.
Robert’s Notes: This is the third die variant known for the Long Live The King circling slogan pattern. There appears to be four die variants known using this specific pattern. In this 3rd die variant, there appears to be four unique differences from the other known die variants. First, this pattern depicts an impressed Sunburst within the Round Center Field. As with the other die variants, the field is surrounded by Two Raised Stipple Rings that are set within an Incuse Stippled Channel. Circling within the stippled well is the popular slogan, “Long Live The King,” in all raised Roman font capital letters. Unlike the other two variants, there is a Raised Dot between the word King & Long. As with the second variant, it depicts a Sunburst in the field, but is curtailed within a Rose Pattern that starts at the outside of the outer stipple ring and reaches midway through the button’s field. Last, the buttons appears to have a beveled edge. Can it be Jeweler Made?
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank.
Library Records Has Limited Information on LLTK-4:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: No
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ Maine ~
It was recovered in 1951 during an excavation at the Tate House in Portland.
The Tate Museum.~
Captain George Tate served as mast agent from 1751 until the Revolutionary War. He remained loyal to the Crown while living in the North American seaport.
1789 LONG LIVE THE KING BUTTON WITH 4 DECORATIVE DOTS
Color: Rusty Brown With Gilt Highlights.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Raised Design, Gilt Brass.
Size: 34mm.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Poor Planchet Condition, A Strong High Relief Pattern Remains.
Rarity: R-6
Variation: No Raised Stipple Ring, 4 Raised Separation Dots.
Robert’s Notes: This is the 4th die variant known for the Long Live The King circling slogan pattern. In this last die variant, the pattern depicts a Plain Round Center Field that is surrounded by a Wide Incuse Circling Channel. The base of the channel’s base appears to be flat in the photo, but there is a possibility it was originally stippled. Ground action could have just as easily deteriorated the base’s stipples. Circling within the well is the popular slogan, “Long Live The King” in all raised Roman font capital letters. In-between each word is a Raised Dot for decoration. This could be an old style representation of a European Catholic Cross as seen grouped together in other King & Constitution buttons. This particular die variant has a Plain Field circling around the channel. As with the other die variants, the button was believed to have been struck after George III’s bout with an illness called, porphyria.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is missing.
Library Records Has Limited Information on LLTK-5:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: No
Reportedly Dug in Canada.
1789 LONG LIVE THE KING BUTTON WITH A PLAIN FIELD
Color: An Iridescent Green.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Raised Design, Gilt Brass.
Size: 34mm.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Strong Planchet Condition, A Strong High Relief Pattern Remains.
Rarity: R-6
Variation: Two Raised Stipple Ring Channel, Plain Field.
Robert’s Notes: This is another popular pattern for the Long Live The King button series that was made in 1789 for King George III. There appears to be four die variants known that have the same circling slogan pattern. There may be more, but not known to me at this time. In this first die variant, the pattern depicts a Plain Round Center Field that is encircled by an incuse channel. There are Two Raised Stipple Rings with a slogan in-between. Circling within the channel’s stippled well is the popular slogan for the English Monarchy, “Long Live The King“. The slogan’s letters are in raised Roman font capital letters. This particular die variant has a Plain Field that extends out to the edge from the incuse channel. As with the other die variants, the button was believed to have been struck after King George III’s bout with an illness called, porphyria.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is straight, original, and intact.
Library Records Has Limited Information on LLTK-6:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ New York ~
This was Dug in Kingston by my friend John H..
The RJ Silverstein Collection.
~ The Gaelic Script Banner ~
God Save The King ~ God Protect The King ~ God Give Good Health To The King
1789 LONG LIVE THE KING WITH THE SCOTTISH (PICTISH) / IRISH GAELIC SCRIPT BANNER
Color: A Silver Patina With Greenish-Brown Undertones.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Stamped Pattern, Silver Wash or Tinned Copper.
Size: 35 mm.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Good Planchet Condition, A Good Impression Remains.
Robert’s Notes: This is an OLD WORLD GAELIC Scottish or Irish Tribute button to King George III of England. The button depicts an English Crown with a Catholic Cross on top. Within the crown’s center is a Catholic Cross with what appears to be 2 Fleur de Lis type symbols flanking each side. This most likely is a tribute to the Merovingian Kings then to the French Royal families. Below is the Three Diamond Pattern. This usually signifies the King as the ruler of Scotland, Ireland, and England. In the center of the button is the Royal Cypher, “GR” in calligraphic letters. The “G” stands for George, and the “R” is via Latin for the King. There is a Banner Ribbon below with an ancient Gaelic Script, “Dia Slan Agad Ar Riog” below. This translates to something like, “God Save the King” “God Protect the King” “God Give Health to the King”
NOTES:The Script was widely used from the 16th until the mid-18th century (Scotland) or the mid-20th century (Ireland). Sometimes, all Gaelic typefaces are called Celtic or Uncial. The “Anglo-Saxon” types of the 17th century are included in this category because both the Anglo-Saxon types and the Gaelic/Irish types derive from the insular manuscript hand.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is missing.
Library Records Has Limited Information on LLTK-7:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: No
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ New York ~
The Julia Casey Collection.~
Found in an old tool box in Hampshire England.
~ 1778 to 1790’s King & Constitution Buttons ~
In recent years there appears to be a number of English King & Constitution buttons dug in lower Canada & Upper New York. Especially, near Price Edward Island & Charlottetown. This should not be a cause for alarm among collectors, but a reinforcement of their authenticity. We know that right after the British surrendered to Washington, that 65,000 to 70,000 British loyalists fled to Canada, other parts of the British Empire, or to Great Britain itself. The North American colony loyalists migrated to Ontario, Quebec, and Nova Scotia. Here they were known as, “United Empire Loyalists.” Most of these loyalists were compensated for their effort in the American war with Canadian land or British cash. So, the British controlled areas of North America and this area became the new safe haven for Crown loyalists to take refuge. Southern loyalists migrated mostly to the British Caribbean islands and Florida which had remained loyal to the Crown.
These King & Constitution buttons were hard for me to decipher, but understanding the difference between Scottish and English symbolism enabled me to get at the truth. There are actually, “Two Types of King and Constitution buttons. The first ones were made for the Bonnie Prince Charlie, and the support for the restoration of the House of Stuart. The second type was made later in England for King George III. I believe the English variant buttons were produced in the 1780’s and continued through the 1790’s. The Scottish King & Constitution buttons were made in America by the Master Artisan Robert Scot and his guild of Philadelphia Artisans. They were made for the use of propaganda in their quest to support the Bonnie Prince and return the House of Stuarts Royal family to power. Some theorists like myself say that these buttons were specifically made as a propaganda political piece for the Bonnie Prince to claim the Crown in America. Other supporting artifacts like the Webb Horn would add as supporting evidence. Hence, the slogan, “King and Constitution” gives a different meaning from the English produced ones for King George III struggle with France. The Scottish ones for the Bonnie Prince could date as far back as Robert Scot’s arrival in 1775, but most likely they were made in 1778. I was able to determine the date based on when his band of Philadelphia artisans were able to work together in Pennsylvania as artisans. All the Scottish King and Constitution buttons bear Robert Scot and his guild artisans engraver’s maker marks (Fig. 1). Currently, I found all 5 engravers makers marks on these buttons. Lastly, I know that Robert Scot left in 1785 for more then a year on family business, so this helped me tighten up the date of fabrication. I cannot say for certain that there wasn’t a few Scottish variants made prior to the American made ones. Sir Robert Strange in exile was certainly in contact with his old student Robert Scot, and did make the FIRST Rattlesnake button for William Augustus Washington. Also, I have some Scottish-Rite tribute buttons with Scottish Royal Culture overtones. There is also my Masonic fraternity button that was dug in Spain, which is one of the places of safety that the Scottish Royals fled after 1745 Battle of Culloden. This button has Scottish Religious tribute by depicting the Saint Andrew’s Cross above the eye of Horus (All Seeing Eye), with the words King and Constitution below. The eye can have two tribute meaning. First is Masonic in nature, and the second is to the Scottish Royal Culture’s connection to the Egyptian God Horus. When a collector doesn’t understand which tribute the buttons nature is toward, most likely it’s toward Scottish Royal Culture. Masons usually aren’t allowed to reveal their ritual practices, or give out Masonic information. I have come to believe the first time the Scottish-Rite placed a Masonic symbol on a button for Masonic intensions that was outside of the Scottish Royal culture was in 1789, with CERTAIN George Washington inaugural button Sub-Variants.
Figure 1: Engraver’s Maker’s Marks
Foundation For King & Constitution Buttons
I think it is important to note that there were Loyalist to the Scottish House of Stuart living in England during the 18th century. These were Nobles and Land Barron’s who had family bloodlines related to the Scottish King (James-Bonnie) who were displaced from positions of power by their British Royal family counterparts to the English throne. In this era, social and economic tones were set by these Royal families, and hence though their extended family bloodlines. They kept economic policies in check informally by utilizing exclusive members-only social clubs. Early club examples would be like the Bean club of Birmingham, or the Manchester Club of Manchester. These exclusive social clubs exercised considerable political and artistic influence upon everyday life. By the height of the Scottish rebellion in 1745, there were a number of Scottish-loyalty shoot clubs like the Jacobite Club and the Gentleman’s Concert Club. Both of these clubs were associated with prominent people of the day such as, John Byron the English Poet and Scholar. Being a member of these clubs was sort of the meccas of the day, a very prestigious stature came along with association. It attracted the highest nobles of political power, and even the Prince Bonnie Charlie himself was often seen attending musical meetings. So, one can say that all types of political and social support was based in these exclusive prominent clubs. These power of prestige associated with these clubs even branched out into religion. In 1790, we even see the formation of the Church and King Club as the outcome of the French Revolution. The Constitutional Club was then an offshoot of the Church and King’s club. Also, the Anglican Church of God would be another good example how religious power officials like bishops would use their influence over Royal families and their politics.
1790-1815 Anglican Church of God
As with most 18th Century lodges and social clubs there was a formal dress code for members. With most of these lodges they would show their club affiliations prominently with certain organizations to reflect power and stature. In this era, it was done with Flamboyant Specialized Gilt buttons that reflected their lodge. So, it became customary for these lodge / social club members to wear fancy coats that were trimmed with special buttons. It appears that as the lodge adopted to new social and economic circumstances of the day, the button patterns changed to the messages they supported and stood for! This is what I believe to be the grass roots of all King and Constitution buttons regardless of Scottish or English attribution.
So, these exclusive clubs who were familiar with Scottish and English Royal culture had their artisans make special heraldry buttons that reflected Royal and Religious ancient histories. It should be noted that “All King & Constitution” buttons became emblems of political support by being a “propaganda piece” for either the Bonnie Prince Charlie of Scotland or King George III of England. So, to be clear, collectors should note that the two Royal Houses used the same slogan buttons, but the underlying meaning changed by the button’s depictions (crown style, heraldry symbols, ect..) and what prominent club would wear them. As a related example, one can look at the later date Long Live the King buttons for King George III. This was a social sentiment statement for his welfare; unlike the King and Constitution buttons which were made in the 1790’s to be used as a political war propaganda statement toward French by “York-Rite Club Members;” who were loyal to, or indirectly a Royal family member by lineage. Laymen terms, these were worn by crown loyalists who supported the King of England in the war with France. lol.
When I researched the slogans different uses, I found it must have reached a peek popularity when it adorned one side of the 1794 King & Constitution / Chelmsford Essex Shire Hall Half Penny Token. Who would wield the power to have this slogan on English money….. ? No doubt people apart of these exclusive clubs. A good thing to research on your own for fun. These English buttons most likely ran out of steam as propaganda pieces way before the wars end in 1815, otherwise more specimens would have been found in the British Empire. As for Canada specimens, I believe this is directly related to the Hudson Bay company. This was one of the Wars main financial supporters. Unfortunately, i was unable to pin down an exact date for the slogans earliest memorabilia use, but I was able to find some other evidence that the slogan, “King and Constitution” was at least used in a limited fashion earlier by an English New Jersey Colony Governor in the 1740’s. I was able to find a later date photo of his leather wallet / satchel that was adorned with a small metal engraved shield which carried the slogan under a British type Crown. Could this be an adoption by Robert Scot later on for the price Bonnie? I may never find out the slogans true origins. All I can say is who used it first on the buttons.
There appears to be a limited variety and quantity known of Scottish-Rite and York-Rite King & Constitution pattern buttons. So, if this kind of historical button catches your interest, I recommend that you buy any specimens available as soon as it presents itself for sale, and then if possible upgrade the button down the road. The political and social propaganda symbolism depicted in these King & Constitution buttons should actually be seen as a historical look behind the curtain into Scotland’s and England’s Royal families forming and molding the countries social and political climate. – Robert James Silverstein
1790’s-1815 KING AND CONSTITUTION WITH EYE OF PROVIDENCE
Color: Yellowish Brown Encrustations With Dark Brown Undertones.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Raised Design, Gilt Brass.
Size: 15.87mm. Cuff Size
Rarity: R-7 ( 1-2 known)
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Good Planchet Condition, A Strong High Relief Pattern Remains.
Robert’s Notes: This no doubtably is a Mason fraternity button from the beginning of the 19th Century. This button was found with other 1801-1815 English and French Regiment buttons on a battle site (Possibly the Peninsular War). The use of the “all-seeing-eye” suggests Masonic association. The all seeing eye symbol was also used in certain Scottish-Mason fraternities in America all the way up to the Civil War. Warren Tice depicts a later variation to this earlier King & Constitution specimen on page 519 ( UU210-A). This button was excavated in Spain, which leads me to believe it was a Scottish Rite fraternity. This was one of there places the exiled Scottish nobles fled years earlier to for safety in the 18th century after the Preston rebellion in England. The button depicts the Eye of Providence with Rays of Light or Glory. This usually represents the eye of God watching over human kind. Some say divine providence. (On a side note, I believe some American-Jacobite Mason fraternity button specimens that were used during the Rev War had dual meaning for the all-seeing-eye which included the Jacobites were watching). Just above the eye is a small St. Andrew’s Cross to represent Scotland. There is an ornamental Scottish Crown with a Catholic Cross on top. There are Three Vertical Diamonds in the headdress. In-between there are Three Smaller Horizontal Diamonds. This usually represented the unification by the Scottish King for Scotland, England, and Ireland. (This actually was the House of Stuart or King James VI of Scotland and I of England and Ireland. Trailing from the top down the side of the crown is Eight raised Stipples on each side. This means XXXX. Inside the center of the Crown is a Small Cross flanked on the left by a French Fleur-de-Lis ( Merovingian King Symbol) and on the right by a Scottish Thistle. Circling in the lower legend is the social/political slogan, “King & Constitution” in raised Roman font capital letters. The high relief pattern is set on a plain flat field.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is unfortunately missing.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-1:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ New York ~
The RJ Silverstein Collection.
This was Dug Around Seville, Spain with English & French Regiment buttons of Napoleonic War.
1784-1790’s KING AND CONSTITUTION WITH CROWN & IRISH HARP
Color: Gilt Design & Dark Brown Field.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Impressed Design with Raised Motif, Gilt Brass.
Size: 33.34mm. Large Inaugural Size
Rarity: R-7 ( 1-2 known)
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Strong Planchet Condition, A Strong Pattern Remains.
Robert’s Notes: This large inaugural size button was made by Francis Shallus (Fig 1. Maker’s Mark). He was a guild artisan who was apprenticed under Robert Scot when he was a boy during the Revolution. This is a propaganda piece denoting Tribute from the Irish to King George III of England. This button would have been geared toward the Irish Loyalist. The button’s pattern shows the usual subcutaneous layers of symbolism that the Philadelphia Artisans guild was known for during this era. In figure 2, you can clearly see the King’s Profile with his Crown on his head. There are other things like a number decipher in bedded within the stipple pattern. Dale came up with a number pattern: 4,2,2,3,2,2,3 (Fig 3.). The button depicts
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is unfortunately missing.
Fig. 1 Fig. 2
Fig. 3: Dale Craftily Combine the Wiggle Pattern to
the Ray Pattern and Came out with a Number Code.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-1:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ New York ~
The RJ Silverstein Collection.
Dug in Oswego By J.H.
1784-1790’s KING AND CONSTITUTION WITH CROWN WITH SCOTTISH ROSE
Color: Silver With An Ogre of Brown, Green, Yellow Encrustations.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Impressed Design with Raised Lettering, Silvered Copper.
Size: 18.59mm.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Poor Planchet Condition, A Good Pattern Remains.
Robert’s Notes: There was a wide variety of King & Constitution button patterns made to commemorate King George III. This button would have been geared toward a Scottish Loyalist to George III to show their support for the King of England. The button’s pattern depicts a A 5 Petal Scottish Rose in the center. Circling around the button’s legend containing the popular subject slogan, ” King Constitution“. All the letters are in raised Roman font capital letters. Between the words King & Constitution is an identified mark. This button represents Scotland and England united under one rule.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is missing.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-1:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Digger Owner
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ Scotland ~
The Alistair McCable Collection.
1784-1790’s KING AND CONSTITUTION WITH CROWN & IRISH HARP
Color: Silver With An Ogre of Brown, Green, Yellow Encrustations.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Impressed Design with Raised Lettering, Silvered Copper.
Size: 18.59mm.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, A Good Planchet Condition Remains, A Strong Pattern Remains.
Robert’s Notes: There was a wide variety of King & Constitution button patterns made to commemorate King George III. This button would have been geared toward an Irish Loyalist to show his support for the king of England. The button’s pattern depicts a Small Ornate Crown surmounting an Angle’s Wing which acts as the top of a Large Decorative Irish Harp. The front of the harp is adorned by a Female Angel Figure. She is resting upon the back of a Serpent Head which doubles for the harp’s hand-grip. There is also another Serpent on the other side at the 2 o’clock position. Circling around the legend is a Lined Depressed Chanel with the popular slogan, ” King Constitution“. All the letters are in raised Roman font capital letters. Between the words King & Constitution is Two Raised Six Pointed Stars at the 10 and 2 o’clock positions. This button also represents England and Ireland united under one rule.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is straight, original, and intact.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-2:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ New York ~
The RJ Silverstein Collection.
1784-90’s LOYALIST WITH CROWN & IRISH HARP
Color: Brown & Green With Gilt Highlights .
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Impressed Design with Raised Lettering, Silvered Copper.
Size: 23mm.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Strong Planchet Condition, Strong Pattern Remains.
Robert’s Notes: This button would have been geared toward the Irish Loyalists to show there support for the king of England in the war with France. The button’s pattern depicts a Small Ornate Crown surmounting the top of a medium size Decorative Irish Harp. The front of the harp is adorned by a Female Angel Figure. Flanking each side of the harp is a Rose Stem and Thistle Stem on a lined field. Circling the inner pattern is a Reeded Stipple Ring. This button’s pattern represents England and Ireland united under the rule of the King of England.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is original and intact, but crushed inward. GILT with a Wreath design is stamped.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-3:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ Canada ~
1784-1790’s KING AND CONSTITUTION WITH ROSE & THISTLE
Color: A Golden Brown.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Impressed Design with Raised Lettering, Gilt Brass
Size: 25mm.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Strong Planchet Condition, Exceptional Pattern Remains.
Robert’s Notes: There were a variety of button’s made in England for different realms within the British Empire. these would include, America, The British Isles, Canada, Scotland, Ireland, and Europe. These people of different nationalities would all be loyalists and subjects to the English King. This button was made as a propaganda piece for the Tories or Loyalists. The button’s pattern depicts the ornamental headdress of the English Crown with a surmounting Catholic Cross on the top. Below the cross is an Circle with Six Incuse Diamonds which usually signifies the Goodness of God. Across the lower portion of the crowns headband is Three Vertical Diamonds. This usually represented the unification by the Scottish King for Scotland, England, and Ireland. Centered underneath is a Decorative Banner Ribbon with lined flared ends. Within the Banner Ribbon is the popular English subject slogan, “King & Constitution“. The phrase is in all raised Roman font capital letters. Stamped underneath in the lower portion of the button is the Crossed Rose and Thistle. This is the Five Petal Tudor Rose of England and Thistle of Scotland. By being crosses it shows they are united as one.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is straight, original, and intact.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-4:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ New York ~
The RJ Silverstein Collection.
1784-1790’s ENGLAND’S KING AND CONSTITUTION ROYAL GARTER BUTTON
Color: A Greenish-Brown With Gilt Highlights.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Raised Design, Gilt Brass.
Size: 22.10mm.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Strong Planchet Condition, A Strong High Relief Pattern Remains.
Robert’s Notes: This pattern was most likely geared toward British Citizens who were loyalists during the late 18th Century during the war with France. The button’s pattern depicts a small Ornate Crown in high relief. The crown sits within a round center well that has a stippled base. There is a Royal Garter encircling the crown with the French Inscription, “Honi Soit Qui Maly Pense” which means, “Evil Be To Him Who Evil Thinks“. (This does have a similar earlier period Latin Translation which the motto most likely derives from). The monarchy title, “King” is in a small arc channel above. There is a banner ribbon below the Royal Garter with the high relief word, “Constitution“. The high relief letters of Constitution rest upon a stippled base.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is original, and intact, but very slightly bent.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-6:
History: No Recorded Sales Price: No
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ Florida ~
The J. Baldwin Collection.~
J.B. Dug this at a Site Near Jacksonville Florida.
1768 To 1790 THE KING’S DRAGOON GUARD
Color: An Earthy Brown With Darker Borders.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Impressed Design, Gilt Brass.
Size: 26mm.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Exceptional Planchet Condition, Strong Impression Remains.
Isabela’s Notes: This heavily Gilded button was intended for officers who served the King in England. I believe this was the predecessor for the button’s pattern idea above. This is the only other button I know with a Royal Garter this inscription. So, I thought it would be nice to show a possible predecessor to the King & Constitution one above. This obviously belongs to the King’s distinguished Dragoons. This specific pattern issue is dated somewhere between 1768-90. This button’s pattern has an Decorative Crown with a Small Cross on top, and a Small Heart within the center that is flanked by a Roses on each side. Emerging around the center Garter is the Star of Bethlehem (Ishtar). This most likely represents the badge that the monarch would wear as the head of the order of the Garter and Thistle. In the center field is the three initials for the military unit’s designation, “K over D G.” These initials are in high relief Roman font capital letters. These initials sit upon an evenly lined center field. Circling around the center field is the Royal Garter with the inscribed motto, “Honi Soit Qui Maly Pense”, which means,“Evil Be To Him Who Evil Thinks.” This is an exceptional example, showing a crystal clear design pattern. Unfortunately, the gilding has worn off.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is straight, original, and intact.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C 6-A:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ New York ~
Robert’s Notes: Many prominent Revolutionary War officers, including Tarleton, served in the KDG, and then volunteered for service in the Continental Army in America when the war started.~
The RJ. Silverstein Collection.~
1784-1790’s ENGLAND’S KING AND CONSTITUTION ROYAL GARTER BUTTON
Color: Brown With Gilt Highlights.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Raised Design, Gilt Brass.
Size: 23.74mm.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Good Planchet Condition, A Good High Relief Pattern Remains.
Robert’s Notes: This pattern was most likely geared toward British Citizens who were loyalists during the late 18th Century during the war with France. The button’s pattern depicts a small Ornate Crown in high relief. The crown sits within a round center well that has a stippled base. There is a Royal Garter encircling the crown with the French inscription, “Honi Soit Qui Maly Pense” which means, “Evil Be To Him Who Evil Thinks“. (This does have a similar earlier period Latin Translation which the motto most likely derives from). The monarchy title, “King” is in a small arc channel above. There is a banner ribbon below the Royal Garter with the high relief word, “Constitution“. The high relief letters of Constitution rest upon a stippled base.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is original, and intact, but very slightly bent over.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-6-B:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ New York ~
The RJ. Silverstein Collection.~
J.H. Dug this in Kingston.
1784-1790’s KING & CONSTITUTION CORNUCOPIA ” HORN OF PLENTY” BUTTON
Color: A Gilded Gray.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Impressed Design With Raised Lettering, Gilt Brass.
Size: 24mm.
Variation: King & Constitution, 4 Dot Catholic Cross, Cornucopia
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Strong Planchet Condition, A Strong Impressed Pattern Remains.
Robert’s Notes: This is another variation in the King & Constitution Series. This popular series button was worn by English Loyalists and Tories in the 18th Century. The button’s pattern depicts a Jeweled English Crown in the center of the button. There appears to be an old European style 4 Stipple Catholic Cross on top of the crown. Directly underneath is a Cornucopia (The Horn of Plenty) crossing over a Stalk of Wheat. Arced above the crown is the monarchy title, ” . King . & “. This is inscribed on a flared-end banner ribbon with each end containing 4 raised stipples on an incuse stippled field. Arced around the bottom legend in a banner ribbon is the inscription, “Constitution” in raised Roman font letters. This also has flared ends with 4 raised stipples on each side. There appears to be a series of flowing gilt stipples between both banner ribbon ends. This could be a number cypher that was known to the engravers. The button still appears to retain a fair amount of Gilt within the design areas.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is original, and intact, but slightly bent over.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-7:
History: No Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ Canada ~
1784-90’s KING & CONSTITUTION DECORATIVE ROSE VINE PATTERN BUTTON
Color: A Gilded Coppery Brown.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Impressed Design With Raised Lettering, Gilt Brass.
Size: 24mm.
Variation: King & Constitution, Crown & Rose Bush
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Strong Planchet Condition, A Strong Pattern Remains.
Robert’s Notes: This is another variation in the King & Constitution Series. This popular buttons were worn by English Loyalists in the later 18th Century. The button’s pattern depicts a Small Catholic Cross surmounting a medium size English Crown in the top portion of the button. Directly underneath is a is a small flashy banner ribbon with the raised letter monarch title, “King” and a Catholic Cross on a stippled field. Directly underneath is another arc banner ribbon with the word, ConstitutionIn the bottom legend is the word, “Constitution” in raised Roman font capital letters. Flanking each side of the button is either a Rose Bush vines or Laurels Stems. The button still appears to retain a fair amount of Gilt within the design areas. It is unclear what depiction is on the bottom of the button.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is unfortunately missing.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-8:
History: ~ Canada ~ Recorded Sales Price: No
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ Florida ~
The J. Baldwin Collection.~
1784-1790’s SCOTTISH KING & CONSTITUTION DIAMOND SUNBURST PATTERN BUTTON
Color: A Coppery Brown.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Raised Design, Copper.
Size: 30mm.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Strong Planchet Condition, A Strong Impression & Relief Remains.
Robert’s Notes: This button is attributed to Prince Bonnie or the Stuart Kings. This Crown’s design is identical to the Crown that was etched on the famous Amen Glasses that were attributed to the exiled Scottish Kings. We know that the glasses were hand etched by Robert Scot’s teacher Sir Robert Strange the Royal engraver and lifeguard to the Bonnie Prince. This button would have been worn by a Scottish loyalist to the “true crown.” This button’s pattern depicts a small Decorative Crown with Saint Andrew’s Cross stamped on the top of the crown. Emerging around the center field is the Star of Bethlehem (Ishtar). This most likely represents the badge that the monarch would wear as the head of the order of the Garter and Thistle. Within the triangles is Three High Relief Diamonds on a lined field. This represents the heraldry of Scotland, England, and Ireland. Circling around the outside periphery is a stippled channel well that contains the social-political slogan, “King & Constitution,“ The lettering is in raised Roman font capital letters. There are a raised Two Raised Six Pointed Star between the words Constitution and King. For the collector who beat me out of this button in the Old Political’s auction, I will throw you a freebee since you have no clue what you bought. There is the 8 point Union Jack of Saint Andrews and Saint George in the depiction below. This solidifies any argument against Scottish intent. There is also Circles on the sides of the Scottish Crown, I will leave that puzzle to the owner incase he is a serious collector and wants to have fun with button mystery’s as I do. Your welcome… lol
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is a field repair, but retuned with planchet.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-9:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: No
This button can serve as cross-over evidence to some work of mine in the Barnabas Webb’s Powder Horn. Another Gift to the owner.- RJ Silverstein
1784-90’s KING & CONSTITUTION BUTTON WITH CROWN & SUNBURST
Color: A Silvery White
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Raised Design, Silvered Copper
Size: 16mm. Cuff Size.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Fair Planchet Condition, A Fair/Good Pattern Remains.
Robert’s Notes: This is a Sunburst pattern pattern used by English Loyalists to show political favor for England’s King George III. The button can be found most likely in both Gilt and Silvered Copper. This button’s pattern depicts a large raised Jeweled Crown on a stippled field. Emerging around the center is 2 lined circles encompassing the popular English subjects slogan, “King & Constitution”, This is in raised Roman font capital letters. Outside the outer lined circle is a horizontal lined Sunburst with eleven horizontal rays. The outer border edge is is a notched semi-raised ring.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is original, straight, and intact.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-10:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: No
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ New York ~
The RJ Silverstein Collection
1784-90’s KING & CONSTITUTION BUTTON WITH CROWN & SUNBURST
Color: A Coppery Brown.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Raised Design, Gilt Brass
Size: 24.38mm. Coat size.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Good Planchet Condition, A Strong Pattern Remains.
Robert’s Notes: This is another pattern used by English Loyalists to show political favor for England’s King George III. The button can be found in Gilt Brass and Silvered Copper. This button’s pattern depicts a large Jeweled Crown on a lined field in an impressed center well. Emerging around the center well is a Sunburst consisting of 72 long and short rays. They are divided up into sets of six with 12 sets in total. Circling around the outside edge is the legend with the popular English subjects slogan, “King & Constitution“, This is in raised Roman font capital letters. In the bottom legend is a small 5 Petal Tudor Rose.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is original, and intact, but slightly bent over.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-10-A:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ New York ~
The RJ Silverstein Collection.
1784-90’s KING & CONSTITUTION BUTTON WITH CROWN & SUNBURST
Color: A Golden – Red.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Raised Design, Gilt Brass
Size: 24.86mm. Coat Size.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Fair Planchet Condition, A Good Pattern Remains.
Robert’s Notes: This is another pattern used by English Loyalists to show political favor for England’s King George III. The button can be found in Gilt Brass and Silvered Copper. This button’s pattern depicts a large Jeweled Crown on a lined field in an impressed center well. Emerging around the center well is a Sunburst consisting of 72 long and short rays. They are divided up into sets of six with 12 sets in total. Circling around the outside edge is the legend with the popular English subjects slogan, “King & Constitution”, This is in raised Roman font capital letters. In the bottom legend is a small 5 Petal Tudor Rose.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is original, straight, and intact.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-10-A.2:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ New York ~
The RJ Silverstein Collection
1784-90’s KING & CONSTITUTION BUTTON WITH CROWN & SUNBURST
Color: A Silvery Brown-Charcoal.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Raised Design, Silvered Copper.
Size: 24.54mm.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Fair Planchet Condition, A Good Pattern Remains.
Robert’s Notes: This is the silvered variant that was used by English Loyalists to show political favor for England’s King George III. This button’s pattern depicts a large Jeweled Crown on a lined field in an impressed center well. Emerging around the center well is a Sunburst consisting of 72 long and short rays. They are divided up into sets of six with 12 sets in total. Circling around the outside edge is the legend with the popular English subjects cheer, “King & Constitution“, This is in raised Roman font capital letters. In the bottom legend is a small 5 Petal Tudor Rose.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is missing.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-10-B:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ New York ~
The RJ Silverstein Collection.
Dug By J.H. in Niagara in 21st Century.
1784-90’s King & Constitution W/ St. Andrew’s Cross
Color: A Gilt-Brown With Green Encrustation Highlights.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Stamped Design, Gilt Brass.
Size: 24.05mm. Coat Size
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Strong Planchet Condition, A Strong Pattern Remains.
Rarity: R-5
Robert’s Notes: This is another pattern used by English Loyalists who might have been Scottish (Speculation). The button’s pattern depicts a medium size English Crown with a Scottish St. Andrew’s Cross surmounted on top of the crown. Ten Stipples flank each side of the cross. The Crown is set on a Sun Burst Pattern. Circling around the legend is the popular British cheer, “King & Constitution“, This is engraved in Roman font capital letters. In the bottom legend is Two Olive Branches with cross stems. Each branch has Four Petals.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is original, slightly bent, but intact.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-11-A:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ New York ~
This was Dug by J. H.
The RJ Silverstein Collection.~
Obviously, J. H. determination in his Metal Detecting has paid off with a Pride in his finds, God Bless, WTG!
******* ******* *******
1784-90’s KING & CONSTITUTION BUTTON CATHOLIC CROSS & STAR
Color: A Dark Brown With Gold Highlights.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Stamped Design, Gilt Brass.
Size: 24.24mm.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Strong Planchet Condition, A Good Impressed Pattern Remains.
Rarity: R-5
Robert’s Notes: This is another pattern used by English Loyalists to show their political support for King George III of England. The button’s pattern depicts a medium size English Crown with a Stand-Up Catholic Cross of the patron St. George surmounted on top. Within the Crown is 2 sets of a Three Diamond Pattern. This usually signifies the King as ruler of Scotland, Ireland, and England. Underneath is the 7 Raised Stipple Circle pattern. This symbol was used by the ancient Merovingian Kings and it was reflected on Jesus Christ’s tomb to signify the heraldry of God’s goodness. Flanking each side of the button is an Olive Branch with 5 Petals. This signify’s XXX. Circling around the outside edge is the popular British cheer, “King & Constitution“, This is engraved in Roman font capital letters. In the bottom legend is a small impressed Five Point Star with an incuse Diamond in the center for religious heraldry.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is original, straight, and intact.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-11-B:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ New York ~
This was Dug by John H. in Niagara.
The RJ Silverstein Collection.~
1784-1790’s KING AND CONSTITUTION DOMED CENTER BUTTON
Color: A Golden Green with A Brown Hue.
Metal: Slightly Convex, 1-Piece, Raised Design, Gilt Brass.
Size: 21.97mm.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Strong Planchet Condition, Strong High Relief Letters Remains.
Variation: Slightly Domed Center, Catholic Cross, Plain Center Edge.
Robert’s Notes: This is the only Domed Center button to surface within the series of King and Constitution buttons. The smaller size indicates it was most probably used as a vest or a cuff button. There are at least different three die variations known for this circling slogan pattern, but only this die variant has a slightly domed center. The other two die variants have flat center field with different attributes for outer field edge. As mentioned, this die variant has a large Plain Domed Center Field with a plain edge. This is surrounded by a Narrow Channel with a Stipple Base. Within the channel is the popular English Crown slogan, “King and Constitution“. This font is in raised Intaglio Style Capital Letters. I believe there to be an old style depiction of a crude raised stipple Catholic Cross in-between the word Constitution and King. The button utilizes a rounded high edge off the channel for a letter guard and symmetry for the dome.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is original, straight, and intact.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-12:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ New York ~
Excavated in the Niagara Falls Region, New York.~
The RJ Silverstein Collection.
1784-1790’s KING AND CONSTITUTION REED EDGE FLAT CENTER BUTTON
Color: Silvery Brown Combination.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Raised Design, Silver Wash or Tined Copper.
Size: 21.84mm.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Fair Planchet Condition, Good High Relief Letters Remains.
Variation: Flat Center, Tiny Short Decorative Lines, Catholic Cross.
Robert’s Notes: This is the 2nd die variant known for this pattern. This smaller size button indicates that it could have been worn as either a cuff or vest button. In this 2nd die variant, the button has a Raised Flat Center with Tiny Short Incuse Decorative Lines. These short lines are cut on the “top” portion of the outside edge of the plain center field. This identical to a reeded coin’s edge, but on the top instead of the whole side length. The field leads into a Wide Channel Well with a stippled base. Within the channel is the popular slogan of the era, “King and Constitution” in raised Intaglio capital letters. I believe there to be a depiction of an old European style Catholic Cross before the word King. The button utilizes a rounded high edge off the channel for a letter guard and symmetry.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is unfortunately missing.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-13:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ New York ~
The RJ Silverstein Collection.
1784-90’s KING AND CONSTITUTION PLAIN EDGE FLAT CENTER BUTTON
Color: Silvery Brown Combination.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Raised Design, Gilt Brass.
Size: 22.10mm.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Fair Planchet Condition, Good High Relief Letters Remains.
Variation: Flat Center, Plain Edge.
Robert’s Notes: This is the 3rd known die variant for this pattern. This button has a Raised Flat Center with a Plain Outside Center Edge. Circling around the field is a Wide Channel Well with a stippled base. Written within the channel is the popular slogan of the era, “King and Constitution” in raised Intaglio capital letters. I believe there to be an old European style depiction of a Catholic Cross before the word King, or after the word Constitution. The button utilizes a wide flat edge for a letter guard and symmetry.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is original, straight, and intact. Some of the gilt remains.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-14:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: No
Dug near Charlottetown, Price Edward Island Canada.
1790-1815 ANGLICAN CHURCH LOYALIST BUTTON
Color: 50-50 Silver & Charcoal Brown.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Raised Design, Silver-Wash or Tinned Brass.
Size: 24mm.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Good Planchet Condition, Strong Impression Remains.
Variation: For Our King & Country, Reeded Initials, Reeded Channel.
Robert’s Notes: This is a late 18th century style English guild made button. Unlike the King & Constitution buttons which were emblems of political support for the King and Parliament’s Constitution, this button is geared as a representation of the church’s support for the King and country. The button’s design has the Anglican Church of England initials, “A C” incised in Large Reeded Calligraphy letters in the center. Circling around the perimeter is a Reeded Channel Well with the slogan, ” FOR . OUR . KING . COUNTRY .” There are Four Raised Stipples in-between each word, and a raised Stipple Anglo-Saxon pattern at the 6 o’clock position. The button’s design has a nice deep channel which gives both to a thin raised letter guard around the edge. Because of the thickness of the planchet and other comparable specimens, I dated it to around turn of the 18th century or shortly after.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is original, straight, and intact.
Library Records Has Limited Information on AGC-1:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: ~ New York ~
The RJ Silverstein Collection.
Originally, I believed it was “AC or AG” which i took as Assembly of God, or Assemblies of God’s Church. With that information and the ancient Anglo-Saxon symbol in the lower legend, Dale came up with the correct meaning: Anglican Church = “AC.” The official Church of England.
1784-1790’s KING AND CONSTITUTION “GR” AND SMALL CROWN
Color: A Coppery Brown.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Raised Design, Silver Wash or Tined Copper.
Size: 16mm. Cuff Vairant
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Good Planchet Condition, A Strong Impression Remains.
Variation: Large “GR” Centers Letters, Ornate Crown.
Robert’s Notes: This is an English made King and Constitution button that give tribute to George III King of England. The center depicts the Royal Cypher, “GR” in calligraphic letters. The “G” stands for George, and the “R” is via Latin for the King. Above the letters is a small English Crown with a Catholic Cross on top. In the lower legend there appears to be a foliage ornament, possibly a tudor rose and thistle. Circling around the outside edge is the popular slogan, “KING AND CONSTITUTION” in Roman font capital letters. There are Four Stipples that separate the words which could be a symbol for the old world cross.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is original and intact, but slightly bent.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-15-A:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: No
1784-1790’s KING AND CONSTITUTION “GR” AND SMALL CROWN
Color: A dull Silvery Brown.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Raised Design, Silver Wash or Tined Copper.
Size: 24mm.
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Good Planchet Condition, A Strong Impression Remains.
Variation: Large “GR” Centers Letters, Ornate Crown.
Robert’s Notes: This is an English made King and Constitution button that give tribute to George III King of England. The center depicts the Royal Cypher, “GR” in calligraphic letters. The “G” stands for George, and the “R” is via Latin for the King. Above the letters is a small English Crown with a Catholic Cross on top. In the lower legend there appears to be a foliage ornament, possibly a tudor rose and thistle. Circling around the outside edge is the popular slogan, “KING AND CONSTITUTION” in Roman font capital letters. There are Four Stipples that separate the words which could be a symbol for the old world cross.
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is original and intact, but slightly bent.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-15-B:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: No
1784-90’s KING AND CONSTITUTION ORNATE ROYAL GARTER CUFF BUTTON
Color: Silver & Charcoal.
Metal: Flat, 1-Piece, Raised Design, Silver Plated.
Size: 15mm. Cuff Variation
Present Condition: An Excavated Specimen, Good Planchet Condition, Good High Relief Pattern Remains.
Variation: Flat Center, Tiny Short Decorative Lines, Catholic Cross.
Robert’s Notes:
Reverse Button Analysis: This is a one-piece button with a loop shank. The shank is original, straight, and intact.
Library Records Has Limited Information on K & C-16:
History: Yes Recorded Sales Price: Yes
Current Button Owner and Location: No